大约二十年前, the inaugural State of Black California report was the first to provide a comprehensive look at how the material conditions and socioeconomic outcomes for Black Californians fared compared to other racial and ethnic groups.
最新的报告， 由黑人政策项目出版，该项目是 正规欧洲杯买球网站洛杉矶分校. 邦奇非裔美国人研究中心， builds upon its predecessor by providing a comparative analysis with a sobering message: Despite improvements in the quality of life for Black communities in California since 2000, racial inequality stubbornly persists and may continue to do so for centuries to come unless more is done.
利用“平等指数”,” which was modeled after one developed by international consulting group Global Insight Inc., the researchers found that Black Californians’ overall socioeconomic outcomes improved by an average of 21.根据2000年至2020年的人口普查数据，该州的比例为7%. The analysis was informed by an extensive set of outcome data in economics, 住房, 健康, 教育, 刑事司法和公民参与, 其中最大的进步发生在教育领域.
然而在2020年, 与加州白人相比, 谁作为平等指数1分的基准.00, researchers also found that Black Californians had the lowest score (0.69)所有少数民族. This means that the outcomes of Black residents scored 30% lower than white Californians across all analyzed socioeconomic measures. 其他种族和民族的得分为0.拉丁裔72票，0票.加州原住民74人，1人.亚太岛民14人.
另外, Black Californians were only able to close the overall racial gap in social and economic outcomes with whites by a mere 4%, 或者三个索引点(0.66 to 0.69)，自2000年以来.
“根据变化的速度, closing the racial gap between Black and white Californians would take over 248 years,迈克尔·斯托尔说, 黑人政策项目的教务主任，也是该报告的作者.
斯托尔, 公共政策教授, 共同撰写了原始报告, which looked at Black Californians in 2000 and was commissioned by the California Legislative Black Caucus under the leadership of former California State Assembly Majority Leader and current Los Angeles Mayor Karen Bass.
Since then, the state’s Black population declined for the first time in decades, dropping from 2.200万到200万.100万年. 黑人人口占5%.到2020年将占该州人口的6%，而现在是6%.6% in 2000. 曾经是第二大城市黑人人口的家园, 奥克兰的黑人居民显著下降(46%). 只有两个地区的黑人人口有所增长:内陆帝国, 哪个地区的黑人平等指数得分最高, 和萨克拉门托.
The findings of the report demonstrate the impact of gentrification and high 住房 costs, which limited the economic progress of Black Californians and led to the shrinkage of Black communities in the state’s major metropolitan areas; nearly a quarter (24%) of the state’s Black residents (up from 17% in 2000) now live outside the urban centers of San Diego, 旧金山, 圣荷西, 洛杉矶和奥克兰, 可能是因为住房负担能力问题.
从2000年到2020年，黑人住房拥有率下降了近6%, while other ethnic groups did not experience the same decrease over the same period. 黑人租房者, 月租金中位数增加了400多美元, as the report also shows a 12% increase of Black Californians being rent-burdened, 将收入的30%或更多用于房租. 黑人家庭的收入中位数也基本保持不变, 而其他族裔群体的收入增加了10美元以上,000人在同一时期.
除了, 尽管整体平等指数有所改善, 奥克兰社区, 萨克拉门托, 旧金山和圣何塞在结果上的差距越来越大, 住房拥有率下降，收入增加.
As California looks to advance racial equity and continues to examine reparations proposals, Bunche Center Director Lorrie Frasure hopes the state’s leaders take a deeper look at the report findings.
“The Equality Index’s measures can help our leaders and lawmakers to better understand the lasting impacts of racial inequality on Black Californians’ social and economic opportunities,弗拉瑟尔说, 谁拿着拉尔夫J. Bunche Endowed Chair and is a professor of political science and African American Studies.
The researchers also encourage California leaders to use this study as a metric for the pandemic’s absolute impact on Black life, establishing a baseline for the conditions and disparities experienced by Black communities before the pandemic. 超越人口普查数据, Frasure states that the Bunche Center will launch consistent and ongoing data collection efforts around socioeconomics, 健康, 教育, 住房和公民参与, to better understand the patterns found in the report and move toward policy solutions to close the gap for Black Californians.
The report emphasizes at least one path to help narrow the racial inequality gap: Black Californians made progress in issue areas where public policy action took place. Steps like improving access to more required courses for the 正规欧洲杯买球网站 and California State University systems and implementing criminal justice reforms, 比如47号和57号提案, 对教育和刑事司法结果有显著的积极影响.
“These findings are meant to guide the development of new solutions and to build upon successful programs,斯托尔说. “虽然还有很长的路要走, 数据表明，有了投资和行动, the lives and socioeconomic outcomes of Black Californians can significantly improve.”
